It's raining outside this morning, which gave me a chance to complete a comparison between my just acquired D850 and my trusty old D500 using a couple of fast lenses intended (by me anyway) for informal, shallow DOF candid photos. These comparisons are best viewed (using Chrome anyway) in a separate tab. On more thing, I can't edit the title of the thread, otherwise I would correct the f/2 on the Sigma Art lens, it's an f/1.8 lens.
I took a couple of approaches to comparing these camera/lens combos. First I did an equivalent series, and it's pretty clear to me that the D850/Tamron combo came out ahead of the D500/Sigma combo at 85mm, with an equivalent of 128mm being a tie, and an equivalent of 135mm putting the latter combo ahead:
Next, I did the 128mm and 135mm equivalent focal lengths but shot both lenses at f/2:
Here the Sigma really shines in terms of sharpness SOOC, though with a second pass of Smart Sharpening and the addition of a tonal curve to the Tamron shot (whereas the Sigma shots had one pass of Smart Sharpening and no added curve) the differences become more negligible even when viewed at 100%. It should be noted that in all my testing so far that even at 4K, after some judicious PP, the two cameras are practically indistinguishable AFAIC -- YMMV.