OK, let's go through them.
1. In photography, ISO refers to the sensitivity of a digital camera’s image sensor to light.
2. It measures how much light is needed to create a properly exposed image.
3. In simpler terms, ISO determines the camera’s ability to capture images in low light conditions without compromising the quality.
4. The lower the ISO number, the less sensitive the image sensor is to light, resulting in less noise in the image.
5. On the other hand, higher ISO numbers increase the sensor’s sensitivity, allowing you to capture images in low light environments but at the cost of introducing more noise.
6. Noise in photography refers to the grainy veil that can obscure details and degrade the quality of an image. It occurs in low light situations or when using high ISO settings, as the camera’s sensor struggles to gather enough light, resulting in amplified noise.
7. Noise can also be caused by severely underexposed images, rather than high ISO.
8. always try to stick to the base ISO to get the highest image quality
9. ISO is closely related to two other fundamental aspects of photography: aperture and shutter speed. Together, these three factors determine the exposure of an image.
10. ISO affects the camera’s sensitivity to light.
11. Balancing these settings is essential to achieve a well-exposed image without overexposure or underexposure. (not so much wrong as meaningless)
12. However, it’s important to note that higher ISO values may introduce noise, reducing the overall image quality.
13. ISO is a crucial setting in photography that determines the sensitivity of the camera’s image sensor to light.
As I said, basically everything.
It's not a lack of vehemence. It's confirmation bias. It says the same as many other similar thing you've seen, so you don't pick it out. Once you realise it's wrong, you can't stop picking them out. The real problem with it is with the intended audience, who have no prior knowledge. They'll accept iy as the truth, expecially if they see the same all over the place.
It was quite a lot the same I learned at the last millenium when I shoot on film.
And very much the same that salesmen told us twenty years ago:
In digital camera you don't need to change the film. You can change the sensitivity in the camera.
I agree, it's not so, but so digital cameras was sold to us.
IMHO, the main problem with the B&H article and other similar is that, by giving advice to beginners always to use the lowest ISO possible, it distorts the choices that have to be made in low light situations. That advice might have been correct in the early days of digital when ISO 800 was an extreme setting, but nowadays, with modern sensors, image stacking and AI noise reduction, ISO is a far less important setting than aperture and shutter speed. Much better advice for beginners would be to leave ISO on Auto but keep a check that it doesn't go over 6,400/12,800/25,600/..... (depending on the sensor size).
I think that, for an increasing number of photographers including myself, M mode plus auto ISO has become the norm.
That bad advice is a direct consequence of the author not understanding much at all about ISO - so in the end what's wrong about it is that it's almost totally erroneous.
IMHO promoting incorrect understanding of ISO, exposure, and noise results in excessive noise, poor shadows, unnecessary highlight clipping, or even makes photographers give up on some shots thinking those are impossible. I've seen this actually hurting sales of cameras.